Vale2012_gunner

Position: Junior officer

Joined: 2022-07-14

Stats
GM X
GM VIII
GM VI
Company statistics
Team statistics
Skirmishes statistics
Stronghold statistics
Share
Other

Overall Stats

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	2958		0		0		0
Ø Tier	7,82		0,00		0,00		0,00
Victories	1478	49,97%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	1411	47,70%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	69	2,33%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	811	27,42%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	2042	0,69	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,95		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	2588	0,87	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	1.269,34		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	892	0,30	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	1111	0,38	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	723,36		0,00		0,00		0,00
WN7	1021,41		0,00		0,00		0,00
WN8	1363,90		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	2958
Ø Tier	7,82
Victories	1478	49,97%
Defeats	1411	47,70%
Draws	69	2,33%
Battles survived	811	27,42%
Tanks destroyed	2042	0,69
Destruction ratio	0,95
Tanks spotted	2588	0,87
Damage dealt	1.269,34
Capture points	892	0,30
Defense points	1111	0,38
Experience	723,36
WN7	1021,41
WN8	1363,90

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Created at:

Last battle:

Last update:

Globalmap Absolute X

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Champion VIII

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Middle VI

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Company statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Team statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Skirmishes statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	192		0		0		0
Victories	90	46,88%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	99	51,56%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	3	1,56%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	64	33,33%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	118	0,61	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,92		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	140	0,73	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	971,70		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	291	1,52	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	187	0,97	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	605,19		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	192
Victories	90	46,88%
Defeats	99	51,56%
Draws	3	1,56%
Battles survived	64	33,33%
Tanks destroyed	118	0,61
Destruction ratio	0,92
Tanks spotted	140	0,73
Damage dealt	971,70
Capture points	291	1,52
Defense points	187	0,97
Experience	605,19

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Stronghold defense statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

World of Tanks Profile

Anzeigen

Tanks (78)

Tank Name	Tier	Ø Damage	Ø XP	Battles	Victories	WN8
60TP Lewandowskiego	10	2002,87	775	364	46,70%	1304,83
50TP Tyszkiewicza	9	1557,01	804	259	50,97%	1357,61
T26E4 SuperPershing	8	1191,93	866	207	53,14%	1543,84
53TP Markowskiego	8	1254,95	772	206	52,43%	1367,37
BZ-176	8	1747,05	963	155	55,48%	1738,04
SMV CC-67	8	1145,82	739	113	52,21%	1261,45
45TP Habicha	7	1182,14	792	107	48,60%	1597,42
40TP Habicha	6	566,41	485	102	47,06%	953,05
Škoda T 27	8	895,15	616	94	46,81%	945,73
Caliban	8	1005,60	690	87	44,83%	959,97
FV4201 Chieftain Proto	9	1631,76	793	79	46,84%	1443,33
MT-25	6	330,29	472	78	48,72%	842,89
Tiger 131	6	832,29	663	78	47,44%	1224,50
Strv S1	8	977,61	556	69	47,83%	823,64
Object 777 Version II	9	1457,55	695	60	36,67%	1057,85
KV-4 KTTS	8	1019,76	660	58	44,83%	945,00
AMX M4 mle. 54	10	2324,70	834	57	47,37%	1587,54
Kampfpanzer 07 RH	8	1099,14	746	56	50,00%	1416,06
SMV CC-56	7	871,93	705	55	60,00%	1205,07
SDP 57 Gowika	7	1085,85	719	48	62,50%	1620,56
SU-130PM	8	1350,19	681	47	44,68%	1279,41
Škoda T 56	8	1798,55	897	40	50,00%	1845,58
M47 Iron Arnie	8	1804,21	902	38	50,00%	2213,43
Semovente M43 Bassotto	6	1132,19	702	27	66,67%	1903,36
SU-100Y	6	832,44	576	27	48,15%	1228,92
25TP KSUST II	5	513,46	556	26	73,08%	1453,27
SMV CC-64 Vipera	8	1738,00	908	22	50,00%	2050,06
Semovente M41	5	425,67	366	21	38,10%	730,13
SDP 44 Burza	6	996,19	633	21	61,90%	1739,63
Cromwell	6	759,89	599	19	47,37%	1560,00
P26/40	4	423,95	403	19	63,16%	1217,71
AltProto AMX 30	8	1182,24	690	17	41,18%	1133,09
Cavalier	5	712,88	617	16	62,50%	2152,96
AEC Armoured Car	5	570,60	442	15	33,33%	1225,66
Waffenträger auf E 100	10	1791,40	641	15	46,67%	1016,60
T-28	4	623,47	483	15	33,33%	2046,94
BZ-58	7	1001,57	844	14	71,43%	1478,42
SU-76M	4	473,15	347	13	38,46%	1210,92
Char Mle. 75	9	1056,92	630	13	46,15%	1221,04
AMX M4 mle. 51	9	1827,17	977	12	75,00%	1608,07
SU-122A	5	404,75	347	12	50,00%	719,79
BZ-166	8	941,45	726	11	63,64%	1159,10
ARL 44	6	1144,00	740	11	63,64%	2047,85
AMX 65 t	8	1448,60	731	10	50,00%	1728,22
Matilda	4	462,20	387	10	40,00%	994,44
SU-2-122	5	611,20	472	10	40,00%	1242,48
AMX 13 (FL 11)	5	406,89	468	9	44,44%	1115,37
M54 Renegade	8	1473,67	858	9	55,56%	1290,78
Lago	4	578,00	469	9	44,44%	2530,14
ELC EVEN 90	8	566,43	618	7	57,14%	967,85
14TP	4	495,57	451	7	71,43%	2050,95
Sturmpanzer I Bison	3	717,43	445	7	57,14%	3122,88
SDP 58 Kilana	8	1293,67	621	6	16,67%	1162,78
KV-1	5	653,50	741	6	100,00%	1618,28
BT-7	4	224,33	301	6	16,67%	832,99
BT-5	3	189,20	245	5	40,00%	363,63
Type T-34	5	1034,00	750	5	20,00%	3715,70
SDP 40 Zadymka	5	322,20	303	5	40,00%	392,03
M15/42	3	246,80	325	5	80,00%	765,32
AE Phase I	9	1658,75	726	4	25,00%	1383,97
BT-2	2	241,33	266	3	66,67%	1173,32
K-91-PT	9	1455,00	750	3	33,33%	993,41
Strv m/42	5	440,67	308	3	33,33%	945,87
Type 58	6	1606,67	1075	3	66,67%	4238,49
Chieftain/T95	8	726,67	510	3	33,33%	624,91
Strv m/40L	3	578,50	553	2	50,00%	2130,93
T-34-85M	6	927,00	621	2	50,00%	1306,31
T-34	5	641,50	349	2	0,00%	1661,76
Lago M38	3	725,00	844	2	50,00%	2772,02
10TP	3	300,00	532	2	100,00%	1448,52
M5A1 Stuart	4	211,00	234	2	50,00%	537,55
T-70	3	442,00	291	2	0,00%	1501,37
122 TM	8	1247,00	269	1	0,00%	915,88
M16/43 Sahariano	3	398,00	339	1	0,00%	803,58
VK 28.01 mit 10,5 cm L/28	6	0,00	182	1	0,00%	0,00
Valentine AT	4	405,00	258	1	0,00%	1140,80
Pz.Kpfw. II	2	453,00	687	1	100,00%	3262,03
Kolohousenka	1	341,00	410	1	100,00%	1965,99

Graphs

WN8

Anzeigen

Clan history

[SCOP] skoppiati

Position: Junior officer

Joined: 2022-07-14

[SCOP] skoppiati

Position: Junior officer

Joined: 2022-07-14

Left: 2024-12-24

Vale2012_gunner

Overall Stats

Globalmap Absolute X

Globalmap Champion VIII

Globalmap Middle VI

Company statistics

Team statistics

Skirmishes statistics

Stronghold defense statistics

Share

Tanks (78)

Graphs

WN8

Clan history